Sign Convention

In AdSec the section is considered to be in the y-z plane as illustrated below.

Definitions

The AdSec sign convention is consistent with that of GSA.

• Axial force $N$, axial strain $ε_x$. Tension is positive, compression is negative.

• Moment $M_{yy}$, curvature $κ_{yy}$. Positive when it causes tension at the top of the section (+Z up).

• Moment $M_{zz}$, curvature $κ_{zz}$. Positive when it causes tension at the left of the section (+Y to the left).